Outsourcing in Value Chain

VALUE CHAIN OF GOAT MILK PRODUCT Figure 1: Value Chain of Goat Milk Figure 1 shows the value chain of goat milk product. In order to be end product, there are several processes involved which are process of getting raw material then manufacturing process where the production process will take place. After that, the product will be distributed to the various channels. Under material, there are several parties will involve such as raw material supplier, transportation/logistic and technology supplier.Then, at the manufacture phase there will be some processes involve such as processing, quality control, packaging and labeling. Packaging will be focus because of most of the producer will outsource this process to other company rather than done by themselves. The reason of this outsourcing will be because of lack of skill and technology for the packaging process. When, the packaging and labeling are done by other company, the product will be not associated to the first owner anymore.In t he case of goat milk, the owner of the livestock is not been recognized anymore and lastly the finish product will be distributed to the user and consumer as a product of the packaging company. Malay proverb call this as â€Å"Lembu punya susu, Sapi dapat nama† means the original owner of the product has not been recognized and the product only been associated to the packaging and labeling company. Figure 2: INDUSTRY INVOLVE IN THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING FINISH PRODUCT OF GOAT MILKFigure 2 show the industries involved in producing the goat milk. As can be seen, Agriculture industry is the first industry involved where the livestock is coming from this industry. Most of the parties involved in this industry are Malay and Indian. Then, in order to package the product, it can be choose whether to use, bottle, box container, can and so on. For box and bottle for example, it will use woods and sand as the raw material to produce box and bottle then, other industry will involve too.T hen, the distribution process will involve with logistic company. Therefore, in producing a bottle or a box of milk, there are many parties and industries involved and take placed. Figure 3 below shows the value chain of the packaging process and the example of many type of packaging container. The figure shows the package is designed using the CAD and has been tested and evaluate before start the production process for the packaging. However, some companies do not use such as technology equipment in doing the packaging.This kind of packaging process should be done by the producer company and not supposed outsource the process because the outsource decision make the producer lost the originality and owner power towards the product. Figure 3: VALUE CHAIN OF PACKAGING PROCESS Source: www. nec. co. jp ———————– MATERIAL MANUFACTURE DISTRIBUTION PRODUCT USE – CUSTOMER/ USER – WHOLESALER – RETAILER – AGENT – PROCESSING – QC – LABELLING – PACKAGING – RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIER – TRANSPORT/ LOGISTIC – TECHNOLOGY SUPPLIER AGRICULTURE LOGISTIC WOOD/SAND PACKAGING OUTSOURCE!!!!

Through the Eyes of Modern Society

The intriguing documentary of Killing Us Softly 4 by Jean Kilbourne, provides for a controversial topic of the basis of advertising in the media and how it affects women directly and indirectly. Consequently, harsh results are perceived from these advertisements. Of all the â€Å"factual† statements made by Jean Kilbourne during this documentary, many fallacies arose. The media leaves us extremely vulnerable to assimilating ourselves to all aspects of mass media.I can closely identify myself with the situation at hand because I am a part of a society that is raised up on a pop culture that is ubiquitous. We are constantly consumed in the media every single day with advertisements flooding our brains. In fact, I feel that women are not as materialized, dehumanized, or objectified as they are overpoweringly depicted in Killing Us Softly 4. Essentially, Killing Us Softly 4 is an examination of the media and, especially, advertising’s influence on the society and negatively targets and affects women.It characterizes how women are portrayed as objects, not humans. This is represented by a series of advertisements focused on certain body parts, for instance, a woman’s legs or breasts, which apparently dehumanizes women. The issues related to the advertisements presented in this film include a major decline in self-esteem experienced by adolescent females, eating disorders, and violence against women, among other examples. As a result, Kilbourne immediately stresses her opinions that females are bombarded with a multiplicity of insecurities compared to males growing up.She blames this imbalance of self-esteem to the models that indirectly push women to look up to the unreachable ideal image portrayed in advertising. The result is damaging to our collective psychological makeup as far as the way we view women in the real world and how women view themselves. Is it the woman’s body that has been objectified for the sole purpose of this adverti sing? For instance, as stated in the video, it states that the perfect ideal women figure is always shown with a light-skinned, straight-hair, skinny figure.â€Å"Women of color are only considered beautiful if they resemble the white ideal† (5:48-5:56). In fact, I tend to disagree with this very statement. Women can be attractive and be a successful model no matter what skin color they are born with, where they came from, or what their heritage or race may be. Also, it was stated that certain races that are not light-skinned are usually represented as animals instead of human beings, which is an absurd statement. The quote given was, â€Å"Black women are featured as exotic animals, like leopards. Never shown modeling† (8:13-8:30).A statement like this is completely racial and stereotypical as well as close-minded against welcoming of other minorities into the modeling world. As a matter of fact, The United States consists of a melting pot of races, religions, and gen etic make up. So, by making an outlandish statement that is very hypocritical in many senses. When a young girl sees a model in an advertisement and asks herself, â€Å"What do I have to do to look like her? † In addition, women are not as materialized, dehumanized, or objectified as they are overpoweringly depicted in Killing Us Softly 4.Jean Kilbourne tries to formulate a ridiculous piece of research that she complied about the direct relationship between the ideal image of women. This is exemplifies, and coincides with the way that men view women with higher standards, which directly sparks violence against women. The evidence lies in the following quote: â€Å"It creates a widespread violence against women by turning a human being into a thing, which is the first step toward justifying violence against a person. † (9:19-9:42). There is not valid information to backup this â€Å"research† that Kilbourne is referring to and tends to have no apparent correlatio n.She went on to say, â€Å"This is the case with homophobia and terrorism. Dehumanization means violence is inevitable† (9:35-9:42). Respectively, these are all valid examples of groups of people that are alienated from society, certain people desire to inflict violence on them. However, once again the majority of women are not a part of those groups so this information essentially, remains irrelevant. In conclusion, many fallacies were present as a result of the statements made throughout the documentary.Jean Kilbourne tries to provide valid facts,  research, and propaganda against the objectification, dehumanization, and role of women in advertisement. An example of a fallacy is the thought that only women closely related to the white ideal are considered beautiful and modeling material. Another example of a fallacy would be the creation of an ideal imagine of women through advertising, directly pushes violence against women. Although Kilbourne brought forth some apparen tly true information and concern up front, the majority of the information is drawn directly from her own emotions, views, and opinions.

Research Differentiatin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Research Differentiatin - Essay Example l design, the researchers were able to demonstrate conditions which have caused judges to treat cases related to gender violence in a more punitive and serious manner than before. The research design was used to demonstrate changes within the sentencing attitudes in abuse cases. The article â€Å"Investigating the Relationship between Justice-Vengeance Motivations and Punitive Sentencing Recommendations† is based on an experimental research design (Murray, Thomson, Cooke & Charles, 2013). The experimental design enabled the researchers to have control over the variables of the experiment (Hagan, 2011). This design allowed the researchers to gather qualitative data on how vengeance and justice motivations influenced punitive sentencing in criminal judicial processes. Through the experimental design, valid findings were obtained and used to make credible inferences and recommendations on the topic under study (Elliott, Thomas & Ogloff, 2011). On the basis of a case study design, Lin, Grattet & Petersilia (2012) present credible quantitative research findings in their article â€Å"Justice By Other Means: Venue Sorting In Parole Revocation†. The researchers used California prisons as a case study, upon which they were able to investigate institutional culture and procedures of California’s parole revocation system. They based their study on the issue of processing or sorting venues for the revocation of parole. The case study design enabled the researchers to come up with in-depth or comprehensive data, which can be generalized and applied within other parole systems (Elliott, Thomas & Ogloff, 2011). Through a case study design, Galletly, Pinkerton & DiFranceisco (2012) reveal quantitative research findings on Michigans Criminal HIV Exposure Law among HIV positive individuals. The Michigan case study was used to narrow the research into a specific and researchable example (Staton-Tindall, McNees, Leukefeld, Walker, Thompson, Pangburn & Oser, 2009). The case study

HR Alignment Part II Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

HR Alignment Part II - Assignment Example th the organization’s business objectives, the very first step that leaders of any organization has to take will have to do with selecting the right goals and objectives for the organization. I say this with experience from my previous workplace where a failure to set the right business objectives led to a situation where there was human resource alignment alright but the outcome of it was not successful. This was because the employees were pursuing something that was not suitable for the organization. I really admire the approach you took to addressing the benefits of assessing HR alignment when you indicated that you can only manage what you measure. The indication that this gives is that before HR managers can even think about gaining from the benefits of the alignment process, they have to get a means by which they can measure the HR alignment process (Becker,   Huselid & Ulrich, 2001). I would therefore use an example with my current organization to suggest how this can be done for any real world organization. In our organization, an integrate metric has been used that seeks to measure the business goals separately, after which it measures the HR performance also separately. After this is done, the two measures are integrated to know how any successes or flaws with the business goals can be associated with the HR responsibilities. With this approach, it is possible to have the HR as an agent of change because when any elements of failure are identified, the HR is called upo n to change its approach to work as a way of fixing

Building a Strong Team Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Building a Strong Team - Essay Example c initiatives such as trainings that would ensure the team is in shape without room for complacency and potentials for failure or mistakes; and, 2) I will establish performance assessment mechanism and corrective measures to ensure the provision of quality care. Again, the BEI is the cornerstone of my strategy. The succeeding stages in the building of the team depend on its success. BEI will allow me to determine if an applicant is compatible with my objectives as a leader and to where I plan to steer the team. My plan is to build a close and interdependent relationship, although one that is also typified by a strong degree of independence from each member especially when responding to opportunities and crises. So one of my questions would definitely be this: "Can you give me a specific example when you encountered a problem at work and what did you do to deal with it?" This question should be able to give me an insight on the candidates past behavior. Dubois (1998) argued that that this line of questioning would demonstrate competency on the applicants end as well as a point of reference for his or her behavioral patterns in the future (p.235). The question would also enable me to gain insights on the potential team members self-confidence , adaptability and willingness to learn and develop on personal, group and organizational level. The STAR method could also augment the BEI questions by providing a way in which questions can be framed or how answers can be analyzed. It is also designed to make the interview logical and concise (McMunn, 2012, p.32). For instance, in my example question, the applicants answer can be parsed according to what it stands for: situation, task, action and results. If the answer is lacking or veering away from the question, then, it will provide the cue or the context for the follow-up question (Fernandez, 2006, p.581). If I would be asked the same question and I have to frame my answer according to STAR method, I would say: In 2009,

Paper 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Paper 2 - Essay Example Instructions to be followed by the bidders in terms of submission of documents will be sated. Tender response will compose of all the questions to be asked by the bidders and answerers by the bidder. The tender will compose if the declarations to be signed by the bidders. The certificate of non-alignment will be signed whereby the bidder will declare that he has not merged with any other bidder for the tender. Finally, there will be the draft of the proposed tender. The tender may be restricted, negotiated or open as per the tendering guidelines. Restricted tenders will have a pre-qualifying questionnaire (PQQ) that will cover the organization, financial details, environmental policies, technical information, health and safety policies of the bidder. The PQQ will be done before the invitation to tender (ITT) in the determination of quality and price basis. Any successful bidder should avail all the required information. Moreover, he should appropriately and correctly answer all the questions. Finally, the bidder should return the needed information at the speculated time. Award of the contract will be awarded after weighing several criteria mainly experience, quality, implementation timetable, pricing schedule, tax clearance certificates, financial stability and suitability. Provided that there will be no challenges encountered, the successful; bidder will be awarded after the contact after 10 days. Unsuccessful bidders will be informed with presence or absence of viable reasons as to why they were not considered. Thereafter, the selected bidder will sign a contract as per the tendering documents. The infrastructure strategy has three main parts mainly operating system, hardware and the networks. The strategy should ensure that the organization is provided with high computing and performance power with a strong bandwidth that is achievable at the lowest cost possible (ECU. 2011, p. 1). The application

Disaster, Climate, Development Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Disaster, Climate, Development - Assignment Example Climate change’s effects will continue to be felt despite the prohibition of all greenhouse emissions related to human activity. Development policies should be put in place, to stop activities that cause harm to the environment. Numerous social pressures cause climate disasters such as drought and floods. Poor governance, manipulation of resources and corruption are all drivers. Small Island developing states are at higher risk of climate related disasters. To achieve sustainable Development, activities that result to natural disasters must be stopped. The risk of natural hazards must be put into account in order to achieve sustainable development. Natural disasters result from climate change whose effects are long-term. As a result, infectious diseases emerge and their transmission is rapid due to the many displaced people after the occurrence of natural disasters. In conclusion, trends and events that lead to environmental risks should be stooped. Conservation measures should be incorporated to avoid further destruction of the

Wireless Network System for an IT Training Centre Essay

Wireless Network System for an IT Training Centre - Essay Example This information is then transmitted through the air with the help of a transmitter and received at the other end through a receiver and demodulated. Since both transmission and reception of the signals have to be carried out at the same point, therefore a device known as an ‘Access Point’ (AP) is used which is a simple transmitter/receiver or transceiver. By assigning different frequencies to different users many users can access the network simultaneously without interfering. As is evident, the access to a wireless network can be gained only if the users are having devices which have a wireless facility. These devices such as notebook computers and tablet PC’s are widely available in the market and their prices have fallen by large amounts in recent times making them affordable. Â  Depending on the designing technology used WLAN’s are mainly of three types. ‘Narrowband wireless LAN’s’, ‘Spread Spectrum wireless LAN’s’ and ‘Infrared wireless LAN’s’. Narrowband WLAN’s, as is understood from the name, use the narrowband signal for communication. Therefore the speeds achieved are low in this case but the problem of interference is greatly reduced as is the case with narrowband signals. The problem of low speeds is solved by the Spread Spectrum WLAN’s which use wideband signals. The drawback of this technology is that the number of users accessing an access point is lesser and the security is also weaker than Narrowband WLAN’s. However, in spite of these drawbacks, it is the most widely used technology. The infrared WLAN’s don’t find many uses as the speeds as well as the range, in this case, is very low. Infrared WLAN’s are used only when the devices and access points are placed close to each other and when they are in the line of sight. The requirement of devices to be in the line of sight is because RF signals cannot pass through opaque objects. Â  

Brady v Norman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Brady v Norman - Essay Example His stint was cut short, however, when he got into a scuffle with the President of ASLEF, Mr. Samways on 20th May 2004 at a barbecue. After five days, he was suspended. In July of that same year, he was accused of forgery for signing a cheque in the name of the Assistant General Secretary, with the latter’s consent and knowledge. In August 2004, he was dismissed as General Secretary using the forgery and the barbecue scuffle as grounds. A claim for unfair dismissal was brought against the ASLEF by Mr. Brady, and the Employment Tribunal ruled in his favour. Upon appeal before the Employment Appeal Tribunal, the appeal was likewise dismissed. However, on June 5, 2006, the respondent Mr. Norman, who was the General Secretary voted to replace Mr. Brady, uttered these words before the ASLEF†S Annual Assembly of Delegates on 5th June 2006. The following words were made the basis of the defamation charge brought by Mr. Brady against Mr. Norman: â€Å"†¦ the facts are, Con ference, that the General Secretary was involved in a fight; the General Secretary was forging cheques and it is a matter of opinion – you can draw whatever opinion you like – as to whether his actions in the media brought the Union into disrepute. What you cannot possibly walk away from is that he was involved in a fight with the then President, and he forged cheques. ... Mr. Brady was awarded indemnity because the following words were deemed libellous: â€Å"ASLEF conference delegates declined to debate a proposition calling for former General Secretary Mr Brady to address Conference, coupled to efforts to consider his reinstatement. They felt it was pointless to discuss â€Å"a past era†. One compelling reason was that the Certification Officer had ruled the previous week that Mr Brady had legitimately been excluded from ASLEF membership for bringing the Union into disrepute. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ 3 However, the words spoken during the Assembly (the first quoted paragraph) did not come to the knowledge of Mr. Brady until September 2008. In 2009, or when the first libel action was concluded, Mr. Brady brought suit for defamation. Under the Defamation Act 2006, the statute of limitations to bring suit runs for only one year, and this likewise appears in section 4A of the Limitation Act 1980 as amended. Mr. Brady filed a Part 8 claim seeking disapplica tion of the one-year limit. Section 32A of the 1980 Act â€Å"enables the court to disapply section 4A if it appears to the court that it would be equitable to allow the action to proceed having regard to the degree to which the time limit prejudices the claimant and to the degree to which disapplying the time limit would prejudice the defendant.4† The Master ruled against disapplying the time limit and consequently moved to dismiss the claim, ruling that doing so would be prejudicial to the defendant. The case is then brought up on Appeal. Point of Law: The crux of the issue on appeal is whether or not there is merit in waiving the time limit in the case under Section 32A, considering that the jurisprudence

Maritime technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Maritime technology - Essay Example Developments in shipbuilding technology; and coming up with new navigation aids have opened up the route hopefully for year-round navigation (Ragner 2000a). This essay seeks to examine the technical; navigation and operational issues in the realization of an effective Northern Sea Route in Navigation of Merchant ships. Year-round navigation on the NSR means massive economic and commercial benefits to the international community, as well as invigorates Russian goods transport; thus, availing more natural resources from the Russian Arctic on the world market (ScanEx 2010). Research efforts in the NSR have mainly focused on four themes incorporating; the natural circumstances in the Arctic and ice navigation technology; the eventual effects of opening the NSR upon the natural, biological and social environments in the Arctic regions; the potential of NSR economically and the political and legal backgrounds linked to the NSR opening (Brigham 2000). The following section will discuss the technical, navigational and operational activities undertaken by key players in the maritime industry in the realization of successful sailing in the arctic region. With the problem of ice in the arctic region, technical issues are core to the achievement of effective navigation in the sea. Invention of new vessels of high technology is crucial to counter the problem of ice in the Arctic region. Of late there has been the introduction of the first seismic vessel on the NSR; it has a design that saves time, fuel and cost (Oil & Gas Eurasia, 2011). This is a considerable achievement in the sense that, the aim of any organization is to sustainably reduce the cost of operation while at the same time, taking minimum time possible to accomplish any undertaking and achieve the intended target. According to Oil and Gas Eurasia (2011), the vessel by the name Polarcus Alima from the

How Can Civic Education Enhances Civil Society Essay Example for Free

How Can Civic Education Enhances Civil Society Essay Civic education is very essential to each and every citizen in a civil society. Therefore it must be noticeable. Civic education contributes to the well-being of society. This presentation is aimed at discussing how civic education can enhance civil society. The key concepts in this presentation are civic education and civil society. Therefore it is important to know the meaning of these two terms. Civic education is the field of study dealing with rights and responsibilities of citizenship as well as the responsibilities of the government. It deals with the commitment, assumptions, values and challenges of the national and civil society at large (Mwaipaya 1980). A Civil society is a public place between the states the market and the ordinary household, in which people debate and tackles action. Civic education enhances civil society in many ways, as one of the components is civic knowledge which it imparts in the citizen of the civil society. If the civil society are aware of their rights and if they know what to do it is very easy for them to participate in various activities of the civil society. Civic education imparts knowledge on democracy among the citizen of the civil society; democracy simply means a dialogue, a discussion, and a deliberative process in which citizen engage themselves in question about civic knowledge like what are the foundation of that particular civil society, and if the civil society will have knowledge on democracy issues it will improve. Hence this knowledge about democracy can only be imparted to the civil society through civic education and by doing so it is enhancing the needs of a civil society (Brookers etal 1980). Civic education also enhances civil society in terms of democracy because it is through civic education that we know and explain to others on how democracy acts and depends on certain basic values like respect for individual, the right to participate in the implementation of politics and development programmes, therefore if people in a civil society have knowledge about these rights and responsibilities, the civil society will be improved. Civic education can enhance the civil society because of its civic skills, if citizens are able to exercise their rights and discharge their responsibilities as members of self-governing communities, they are only need to acquire relevant intellectual and participatory skills, when we say intellectual skills these are essential for informed, effective and inseparable citizen from content, to be able to think critically about contemporary relevance as well as command of a set of an intellectual tools or considerations useful in dealing with such an issue. Hence if the society will have civic skills it will automatically be enhanced and there will be quick development in that particular civil society (Z.C.E.A, 2004). Another intellectual skill which good civic education fosters is that of describing. The ability to describe functions and processes such as legislative checks and balances or judicial review is indicative of understanding, describing trends like participation in civil lif e, immigration or employment helps the citizens fit current events into longer term pattern (Patterson, 2001). Civic education seeks to develop competence in explaining and analyzing issues, if citizen can explain how something should work, they will be able to analyze things as the components and consequences of ideals, social, political or economic processes and institutions. The ability to analyze enables one to distinguish between facts and opinion or between means and ends. It also helps the citizen to clarify responsibilities such as those between personal and public responsibilities or those between elected or appointed officials and citizens, therefore this can only happens if people in a civil society have civil skills and by having these skills in a civil society means that civic education is doing its job of enhancing the civil society (African Development Bank Achieving Millennium Development Goals in Global poverty, 2002). Furthermore, civic education enhances civil society through the component of civic skills, in such a way that education for citizenship in a democratic society focuses on civic skills that are required for informed, effective and responsible participation in the political process and in civil society, those skills can be categorized as interacting, monitoring and influencing. Interacting pertains to the skills citizen need to communicate and to work cooperatively with others. To interact is to be responsive to one’s fellow citizens, to interact is to question, to answer and to deliberate with civility, therefore if people be able to interact and question others toward certain common good the civil society will be enhanced. Monitoring politics and government simply refers to the skills citizens need to track the handling of issues by the political process and by the government. Monitoring also means the exercising of over sight functions on the part of citizens. Finally the participatory skill of influencing refers to the capacity to affect the process of politics and governance, both the formal processes of governance in the community (Mwaipaya, 1986). Civic education can improve and enhance our civil society through the component of civic dispositions essential traits of private and public character. This is important to the maintenance and improvement of constitutional democracy. Civic dispositions, like civic skills, develop slowly overtime and as a result of what one learns and experience in the home, school and organizations of civil society. These experiences should engender understanding that democracy requires the responsible self -governance of each individual worth and their dignity. One cannot exist without the other. Traits of private character such as moral responsibility, self -discipline and respect for the worth and human dignity of every individuals are no less consequential. Such traits as public spiritedness, civility, and respect for the rule of law, critical mindedness to listen, negotiate and compromise are indispensible to democracy success (Patterson, 2001). Civic education can enhance civil society due to civic dispositions that contribute to the political efficiency of the individual, the healthy functioning of the political system, a sense of dignity and worthy as well as the common good were identified in national standards for civics and government. In the interest of brevity, these dispositions are private and public character might be described as becoming an independent member of the society, assuming the personal, political and economic responsibilities of a citizen, respecting individual worth and human dignity (respecting others and listen to their opinions). Also participating in civil affairs in a thoughtful and effective manner as well as promoting the healthy functioning of constitutional democracy (Todaro etal 2009) Therefore, it can be noted that civic dispositions as a component or the habits of the heart , the traits of the public and private character that under-greed democracy are in the long run, probably of more consequence than the knowledge or skills a citizen may command (Z.C.E.A, 2004). In conclusion, civil society can be enhanced by civic education through its components (civic knowledge, civic skills and civic dispositions). Civic education is therefore very important to the lives of citizens in a civil society and it must be noticeable.

The Effects Of Gibberellic Acid

The Effects Of Gibberellic Acid The main objective for this experiment was to examine the effects of Gibberellic Acid which is a plant hormone on different genotypes of a plant called Brasscia rapa, which included wild type, petite, elongate, and rosette. The wild type and petite have the same amount of Gibberellic Acid, but the elongate over produces it and rosette under produces it. The experiment was placed on top of a wick, while the wick is leading the underneath to keep the plants moisturized. The project took place over eight days. Each group member came in each day and measured the height plant growth with a small ruler in mm. We recorded the information and collected them into a chart. Introduction: A hormone is a chemical that is released on cell or part of a body and travels to some target cell where a receptor protein will bind that hormone and trigger of some change within the cell of the receiving cell. Since plant dont have a nervous system, hormones are the major way that plant tissues communicate each other (Campbell Reece, 2010). Gibberellic Acid is plant hormone that occurs in plant growth. Gibberellic Acid also known as GA3 is involve in stem elongation and increasing the size of plant parts. GA3 works on germination by supporting growth in the embryo of a seed. In other words, GA3 causes quick germination of the seed and break out of dormancy (Seed Dormancy and Effects of Plant Growth). They are also involve in having the plant become active again if they loose their leave during the winter. The main focus for this experiment is to prove how much hormones effect the plant growth. Cycocel is plant growth that provides height control by reducing stem elongation. When shoots and stems are treated with Cycocel, they are more impact and stronger with deeper green growth. Cycocel inhibits GA3 from elongating the stems of the plants (The Effects of Gibberellic Acid and Cycocel on The Growth of Cultured Leaf Tissue). The plant that was used for this experiment was Brassica rapa plant. It is a fast growing plant, complete its life cycle in around forty days also mostly related to the mustard group. There were four different genotypes used to complete this experiment. They were wild type, petite, and rosette(McKeon and Warren, 2012). The rosette plant is much shorter than a wild type plant. The elongated is much taller than a wild-type plant. The petite plant is about half as tall as a wild-type plant. Three different experiments were done on the genotypes. First water was added to the control, second the Gibberellin Acid 3, and then Cycocel was added to the genotypes. Then comparison was made to their growth to see much they were affected. The purpose of this experiment was to make a comparison of the effects of the GA3 and Cycocel on brassica plants. Then this will allow us to measure the growth of the plants. The hypothesis for this experiment is that when adding GA3 to the rosette of Brassica rapa the plants will increase in its height compared to the plants that have just water when adding GA3 to the wild type of Brassica rapa the plants will again increase in it height compared to the plants that have just water added to them. Material and Method: The four different genotype used for this experiment were wild type, petite, and elongated, rosette. The plants were planted in Styrofoam container that had squares and each square had one plant planted on. The Styrofoam was placed firmly on top of a wick material that led to water under the plants (figure 1). The wick absorbs water and carries it into the plants and this provides a constant source of water for the fast plants. The plants were divided into three separate sections because they were sprayed with three different solutions: water for control, Gibberellic Acid (100ppm solution), and Cycocel (1:100 dilution) or B-Nine (McKeon and Warren, 2012). A tube was placed around the plant and sprayed three times over the plants. The tube was used in order to protect the other two plants. A small ruler was used to measure the plants. The plants were measured once a day for eight days in mm, they were measured from the top of the Styrofoam to the top of the plants. We followed their growth and effect of the solutions against the plant for eight days, and then we organized the information into graphs to compare their growth for eight days. Figure 1 Plant Set-Up and Treatments: This is the actual setup for the plants. Each square was planted with one plant. Results: These graphs were collected from the experiment and the measurements were done in mm. Figure 2 Wild Type Treated Growth Chart: This explains the growth for the wild type when Brassica rapa plants are treated with GA3 and Cycocel. As this figure shows, the GA3 treated plants grew much bigger than the other plants. The Cycocel did not grow as big as the GA3. Figure 3 Petite Treated Growth Chart: This result is from the petite of the Brassica rapa. The graph shows that the results look similar to figure2. The GA3 treated plant expanded its growth but the Cycocel treated plant did not. Figure 4 Elongated Treated Growth Chart: These results are from the experiment of Elongated of brassica rapa. It shows that GA3 treated plants are still expanding and the control seems to be expanding too but not as much as the GA3 treated plants. Overall, the control and the GA3 grew a lot taller than the Cycocel treated plants. Figure 5 Rosette Treated Growth Chart: these results show the Rosette of Brassica rapa experiment. It shows that GA3 treated plants show the most growth. They also show that there were small differences between the control plants and the Cycocel treated plants. They grew in unity together, but the Cycocel has only small effects on the plants. Discussions: For the results for the wild types experiments, the plants that were treated with the GA3 solution grew an extraordinary amount compared to the control. They grew about 2 mm a day. The plants that were treated with Cycocel solution grew about the same as the control. This shows that the Cycocel treated plants did not have that great effect on the plants metabolism. At the end of experiment the control a little more than the Cycocel treated plants, as seen in Figure 2. The results of Petite experiment were roughly the same as the Wild Type. The plants that were treated with the GA3 solution grew a few mm more than the control and the Cycocel treated plants. As Figure 3 show, the control and the Cycocel treated plants grew equally. On the final day of the experiment, the control showed a dramatic increase in its growth, but the Cycocel treated plants did not increase at all, as seen in Figure 3. The results for elongated experiment were a little different from the other two experiments. The GA3 treated plants grew even more. The control grew a large amount of growth. The Cycocel treated plants had a very small amount of growth compared to the other two experiments, as seen in Figure 4. The final experiment that was completed was the Rosette of Brassica rapa. The experiment showed the most growth with GA3 treated plants. The Cycocel treated plants and the control grew almost at the same length in each experiment, as seen in Figure 5. The results of the experiment do support the hypothesis. It was hypothesized that if we add GA3 solution to the Rosette of Brassica rapa the plants will increase in its height compared to the plants that have just water. It was also hypothesized that if we added the GA3 to the Wild Type of Brassica rapa the plants will again increase in it height compared to the plants that have just water added to them. The GA3 solution added to Rosette and The GA3 added to the Wild Type did increase in every experiment until the last. Conclusion In conclusion, experiment show the GA3 does effect the growth of the plant, but only it is only effective when it is used to treat it with plants. When GA3 is added to a plant with an equal amount of gibberellins, it increases its growth compared to the plants treated with water. The experiment also shows that GA3 is extremely important in germination of seed and plants. Literature Cited : Bristow, Michael. The Effects of Gibberellic Acid and Cycocel on The Growth of Cultured Leaf Tissue. 20 Dec. (1965): 1-8. Print. McKeon Sr, Brian, and James T. Warren Jr. Biology 240: Form and Function A laboratory Manual. 8th ed. Penn State Erie, The Behrend College: School of Science, Biology Program, 2012. 41-43 Reece, Jane B., Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, and Robert B. Jackson. Campbell Biology. 9th ed. San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings, 2010. Yomi, Fadimu O. Seed Dormancy and Effects of Plant Growth Substances on the Seeding Growth of Hog Plum (Spondias mombin) Linn.. Apr. (2011): 1-2. Print.

Tourism Development In Rome Tourism Essay

Tourism Development In Rome Tourism Essay The food; the original Italian cuisine, the weather, the habits, the Italian temperament of the people in Rome, represents a big part of the Italian culture. However, the city is a live market and sells from each attractions souvenirs, guided tours to the city or specific tour experiences, local products, to the airlines, the 100.000 beds ( from hostels to villas) and restaurants and bars a tourist would visit in order to feel like a local Roman. Furthermore, Rome first became a major artistic center during ancient Rome, due to the evolvement in architecture, painting, sculpture and mosaic work. Also, the city was influenced and inspired by the baroque, and Rome became the home of famous figures of the time; artists and architects, such as Bernini, Caravaggio, Carracci etc. This fact attracts people interested in art for the galleries and the museums. Metal-work, coin die and gem engraving, ivory carvings, figurine glass, pottery, and book illustrations are considered to be minor for ms of Roman artwork. Rome hosts the Cinecittà   Studios, the largest film and television production company in the Italian cinema, where a large number of the biggest Italian box office hits are filmed. Nowadays, many tourists visit the Dolce Vita city in order to see where some remarkably artistic jewels were filmed. Tourism Development in Rome The citys utter aim is to conserve the right balance between development and conservation. The effect of this planning approach is that focusing on enhancing Romes status of by governmental action for the tourism resources only, which may lead to new imbalances in the current level and potential of development of the urban/metropolitan region of Rome. The city has always been an important destination for international cultural and religious tourist flows, and for many decades such role has been almost unintentional as did not require specific planning measures given the importance of the amenities provided. In recent years, local government investments have promoted a tourism offer which is still strongly linked to the historical artistic value of the city center, also in the attempt to lengthen the average tourism stay. (as seen to Appendix 2) During the last decade there is a rapid development in the city tourism with a growth rate more than double, in contrast with the mass tourism. The city-breaks trips are already a fact in the international tourism. The city-break trips consists one of the most important tourism moves of the European metropolitan destinations, especially on weekends. The noticeable increase in the city tourism is related with the changes in lifestyle. Today people work harder, with larger working mobility in contrast to the past. They have less vacation days and the demand is focusing on more and short trips. In the same time, new growth perspectives were created by the abrupt development of low-budget airlines (Easyjet, Ryanair) More than 50% of those trips are by air and the 40% with really cheap flights. Moreover, the city-breaks are not affected by seasonality, which is a major problem for tourism. Rome was always a destination that attracted peoples attention. During the centuries Rome has been an Empire center, a religious focal point, a major archaeological hub and an artistic limelight. However, the popularity of the city had its shifts because of the social, financial or political circumstances. Eventually, all destinations enter the market maturity leading to a decline in tourists. The managers and the policy makers in order to prevent the tourist decline have to reposition the destination appeal. Nonetheless, Rome is not a mature destination. No matter how many shifts Rome had, it cannot be considered as a mature destination. In 2007, Rome was the 11th-most-visited city in the world, most visited in the European Union, and the most popular tourist attraction in Italy. Its historic center is listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. Monuments and museums such as the Vatican Museums and the Colosseum are amongst the worlds 50 most visited tourist destinations (the Vatican Museums receiving 4.2 million tourists every year) (see Appendix 3). In 1960 Rome hosted the Summer Olympics. The city also played host to the Eurovision Song Contest in 1991 and the MTV Europe Music Awards in 2004. Rome has been ranked currently by the Global Cities Index (GaWC in 2010) as a beta+ world city, with a score of 2.56 in the 28th position, falling down from its alpha- status in 2008 and being the highest-ranking city in Italy. Furthermore, Rome was in 2008, also ranked 15th out of all the cities of the world for global importance, mainly for cultural experience. Rome is also widely acknowledged as a world fashion capital. It has been ranked the worlds 4th most important center for fashion in the world (Capital, 2009) after Milan, New York and Paris. International and luxury fashion houses are headquartered or were founded in the city. However, Rome with a new branding marketing tries to be an emerging destination and to provide to the tourists something new. It is a de stination widely known for its history, the culture, the cuisine and the attractions. The difference between mature and emerging tourism; is that Rome reached the peak of its status and even if there were some years that the tourism income and arrival numbers were diminished, the image policy and the brand marketing strategy made Rome competitive again to its rivals; Paris and London. Rome attracts more tourists than any other Italian city. Type of Tourists It is supported that 12 million of tourists visit Rome. The most usual type of visitors Rome has is: anyone studying art history, architecture or archaeology in Italy or member countries for city-break trips. Also, sometimes school groups, art experts and collectors and fashion icons visit the city for educational, business reasons or shopping. Rome as one of the most romantic and picturesque city worldwide, attracts many couples, too, just like the religious tourism, due to the Vatican, the Catholic Church center. It is a destination that lures people of all generations and, social levels to the world famous Romes attractions. Apart from traditional tourism, Rome is also currently living a productive moment on the economic and social scale, and has operations that are typical of global cities, in that it can also attract tourism flows that are not essentially for holidays. According to a research (ESPON, 2006), Rome is classified as a metropolitan growth destination; a city for the mass tourism, competitive, and is connected with the ranks to the two European competitors of London and Paris. The Tourism Department of Rome and Lazio together with APTRL, the operating institution responsible for the actual promotion of the region, will attend the ATM with the tourist board for Italy at Arabian Travel Market. Furthermore, in 2008 the Italian government started The Second Tourist Centre project, in order to revolutionize the appeal and promotion campaign of the Rome area. The Capital will be able to diversify and boost its appeal. Through its Second Centre the Capital is aiming to propel the historic core of the city and to carve out a major role also in those corners of the market which had been rarely appreciated, such as, for example, trade fairs, tourism conferences, sports and recreational activities, archaeological sites, natural reserves, ports and airports. In these areas, they are focusing on the facilities. A variety of structures (theme parks and congress halls) will improve the image of the city looking to the needs and demands of every kind of traveler, from leisure-seekers to businessmen. It is a new-look Capital, offering a much broader range of entertainment and cultural attractions. Stakeholders and the Tourist System. Stakeholders are essential to a tourist destination, since they can influence the growth of an area. Stakeholders can be categorized in: the public sector, the private sector, voluntary sector, community and tourists. For the case of Rome, numerous stakeholders are associated some of them forming partnerships, but all working towards the development and rehabilitation of Rome. Tourists Tourists are the basic stakeholders of Rome and of every tourist destination, without whom there is no tourism industry and general no tourism. They expend millions of euros every year by visiting Rome and have an impact on the town, for example by reducing unemployment using the local people. Tourists impact to the towns development is significant; their needs and demands can create trends and affect the international tourism market. ENIT: National Agency of Tourism (ENIT: Agenzia Nazionale del Turismo) Enit was established by the government and has already almost one hundred year old activity of promoting Italy as a tourist destination. ENIT has institutional autonomy with regards to management, accounting and organization, under the direction of the Minister of Tourism. ENIT is responsible for promoting Italy and each region, like Rome, as a tourist destination. It promotes the various touristic aspects of Italy as a whole and sets up the promotional strategies on a national and international level, with the aim of informing countries abroad of what Italy has to offer as a tourist destination, so motivating tourism in Italy. Enit provides consultation and assistance to the Italian State, the Italian Regions and to other public organizations with regards to tourist promotion of products, allowing them to tailor commercial strategies that allow Italy to present itself in an effective manner on the foreign markets. It organizes consultancy services, assistance and collaboration in fa vor of public and private bodies, by including regional offices and agencies, to promote and to better develop the hospitality sector, as well as providing information to tourists. (Turismo, 2005) Enit is an important help for Romes promotion, but the help would be more significant if it was specialize only in Lazios region. Rome.info Rome.info is an independent, non-commercial website designed to obtain visitors and new arrivals to Rome with essential information about Rome and its surroundings. (Rome.info, 2009) Turismo Roma Turismo Roma is Romes tourist portal. The Offices responsibilities are to be responsible for the management of tourist welcome services. It organizes the promotion of events in Italy and abroad. It raises Romes profile in Italy and abroad. It participates in Italian and international tourist fairs and coordinates of projects aimed at increasing the arrivals of tourism during low seasons. Also, Turismo Roma is responsible for tourist publications to promote travelogue on the subject of the citys historical and cultural legacy and the coordination of Second Tourist Polo (Centre) projects. (Roma, 2008) Recommedations The city of Rome aspires to increase the number of travelers with a Second District of attractions in the Eternal City. These attractions are irrelevant with the churches and archeological sites in order to attract new visitors and those who have already visit Rome but would only make another visit to experience something completely new. Mauro Cutrufo, Romes Vice mayor, claimed that Rome has made an increase of 1 million visits from 2009 and is expected to be doubled in 2011. Rome succeeded to attract the Chinese market by a astonishing 400. Nevertheless, Rome is not pleased with the 14 million tourists Rome had in 2010 and try to compete Paris and Londons activity and arrivals. Besides the big targets of a Formula 1 race in Rome by 2013 and the Olympic Games of 2020, Rome aims to a recreation with green parks, new golf clubs, expanded congress and fair events, and new facilities to improve the yachting and sailing due to revive alternative tourism. Those projects are in the most advanced stage and Rome is awaiting to their results. (Rome, 2011) Word Count 2645 Executive Summary This portfolio provides a designation and analysis of the current tourism development in Rome, the originating markets and type of visitors as well as the stakeholders and the way they Influence Romes growth. This paper approaches the subject through demonstrating and analyzing statistics and tables about the visitor flow in Rome through the years. All these can be found in the appendices.

Good and Evil in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Essay -- Young Goodma

Good and Evil in Young Goodman Brown In "Young Goodman Brown." Nathaniel Hawthorne considers the question of good and evil, suggesting that true evil is judging and condemning others for sin without looking at one's own sinfulness. He examines the idea that sin is part of being human and there is no escape from it. Of the many symbols he uses in this story, each has a profound meaning. They represent good and evil in the constant struggle of a young innocent man whose faith is being tested. As the story begins, Young Goodman Brown bids farewell to his young wife "Faith, as [she] was aptly named" (211). When she " ...thrust her own pretty head into the street, letting the wind play with the pink ribbons of her cap" we associate the purity of "Faith" and the "pink ribbons" as a sign of the innocence and goodness of the town he is leaving behind (211). As he continues "on his present evil purpose" he sets off at sunset to enter the forest (212). A place "darkened by all the gloomiest trees," unknown territory, and a place where "there may be a devilish Indian behind every tree," with this we know the forest represents evil and sinfulness (212). His decision to enter the forest and leave his "Faith" behind is the first decision, of many, between good and evil that he must make. After entering the forest he meets a traveler whom he later finds out is the devil. He is carrying a staff representing evil, "which bore the likeness of a great black snake, so curiously wrought, that it might almost be seen to twist and wriggle itself, like a living serpent" (213). When the traveler offers his staff to Young Goodman Brown he resists by replying, "having kept covenant by meeting thee here, it is my purpose to return whence I cam... ...the forest ultimately causes him to believe that he is better than everyone else and he disassociate himself from all those in the town as he judges them as being sinners. He becomes "a stern, a sad, a darkly meditative, a distrustful, if not a desperate man..." after his journey when he commits the ultimate sin of judging and condemning others without looking at one's own sinfulness. In the end "they carved no hopeful verse upon his tombstone; for his dying hour was gloom (221). Works Cited and Consulted Benoit, Raymond. "'Young Goodman Brown': The Second Time Around." The Nathaniel Hawthorne Review 19 (Spring 1993): 18-21. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Complete Short Stories of Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York: Doubleday and Co., Inc.,1989. Wagenknecht, Edward. Nathaniel Hawthorne – The Man, His Tales and Romances. New York: Continuum Publishing Co., 1989.

Is Insanity Normal? Essay -- Mental Illness Insane Crazy Norm essays

Is Insanity Normal? Works Cited Missing We’re all mad here. I’m mad. You’re mad -The Cheshire Cat from Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland Have you ever questioned your sanity? Have you ever wished you could change, for even one day, and be the person that others wanted you to be? Have you ever actually made that change, either by choice or by force? Do you think you’re normal? Maybe you’ve lived the most normal life you could imagine. Or maybe not. Maybe you’re life is so abnormal and outrageous that you don’t wish to be normal. Have you ever questioned your sanity? Introduction Insanity appears in various forms and we all know how to mentally picture it. We can create clear images of "insane" individuals in our heads and, very often, feel comfortable with those images. Maybe we picture the serial killer on television, the old woman next door who refuses to leave her house, the people in rubber rooms, or even ourselves. Despite whom we picture, however, we, as members of this society, have a tendency to label those who act differently from us "crazy" or "insane." Society attempts to classify the "sane" and "insane" based on how "normal" or "abnormal" they are. Unfortunately, this forces us into a binary view of individuals that causes many of those individuals to lose their senses of uniqueness and freedom. This also causes others to discriminate based on their differences. What we fail to realize is that the line we establish between "sane" and "insane" is unclear and undeterminable and, therefore, gives us no grounds for bias. For that reason, we must abandon it entirely because the categories it forms inhibit some from living their ideal ways of life. We need to, essentially, stop classifying abn... ...ation. For example, there are Gay and Lesbian Pride groups, Fat Pride groups, the Deaf Community, and so forth, but because the line society draws for insanity is so ambiguous, and clear categories are indeterminable, it is impossible to form an "Insane Pride" group, for instance. The only current option for these people, therefore, is to stay within the binary. We need to find a way to resist this need to conform because, in reality, we all in some way fit into the category of the insane to different degrees. Hence, we need to establish ourselves as individuals with needs. We must begin to look at what we have come to call "insanity" in a new way and, in effect, exclude the word from our vocabulary. If we can, therefore, find some way to eliminate the stigma and reaffirm the spectrum, we will be able to treat others and ourselves affectively and appropriately.

Categorizing of People in Shakespeare’s Tempest and Dante’s Inferno :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Categorizing of People in Shakespeare’s The Tempest and Dante’s Inferno Shakespeare’s The Tempest and Dante’s Inferno both exhibit Foucault’s idea of categorization and subjectification using â€Å"dividing practices.† (Rabinow 8) Foucault argued that people can rise to power using discourse, â€Å"Discourse has the ability to turn human beings into subjects by placing them into certain categories.† (Rabinow 8) These categories are then defined â€Å"according to their level of deviance from the acceptable norm.† (Rabinow 8) Some examples of such categories are the homosexual, the insane, the criminal and the uncivilized. (Rabinow 8). By the above method, called â€Å"dividing practices,† people can be manipulated by socially categorizing them and then comparing them to norms. In this way human beings are given both a social and a personal identity (Rabinow 8) and this is how superiority among human beings can be established. In the play, The Tempest by William Shakespeare, Prospero took control of Caliban and made him his servant. Prospero was able to do this because he viewed Caliban as an uncivilized being; Caliban was portrayed as a beast. Thus, Prospero was able to assume power over Caliban. It can be seen from Prospero’s speech that he thinks that Caliban is inferior to him when Prosper says, â€Å"I have used thee, Filth as thou art, with human care [†¦]† (1.2.348-349). Prospero tries to justify enslaving Caliban, but all he really does is place Caliban into a category of bestial and uncivilized and as a result enslaves him. Even Miranda, Prospero’s daughter, speaks in a way that categorizes Caliban as an uneducated and uncivilized savage. â€Å"I pitied thee, Took pains to make thee speak, taught thee each hour [†¦] When thou didst not, savage, know thine own meaning [†¦]† (1.2.356-359) Miranda doesn’t stop there; she continues labeling Caliban, â€Å"But thy vile race, though thou didst learn, had that in’t which good natures could not abide to be with; therefore wast though deservedly confined into this rock [†¦]† (1.2.361-364). Exactly this kind of discourse turns Caliban into a subject. If Caliban had not been alone on the island, then Prospero and Miranda would have categorized a whole group of human beings rather than just one. In addition to the above, Prospero also accused Caliban of trying to rape Miranda. The fact that in the play Caliban doesn’t contest this challenge shows that his character is being categorized as a â€Å"black rapist† (Loomba 324). The â€Å"black rapist† theme is the thought that black men have a lust for white women and that they are much more likely to rape a white woman.

Kubla Khan – C. A

Sometimes, a poem is celebrated not for the story it tells, but for how it is told. Some poems are famous simply because of the way they are told: the elaborate, vivid language used to describe places and sights. â€Å"Kubla Khan or A Vision in a Dream† by Samuel Taylor Coleridge is one such poem. Written in 1798, it is a poem that uses intricate language to portray a vision or dream that Coleridge had. Coleridge claimed that the poem was written in an opium-induced haze, which is something that can be implied by the poem's subtitle, A Vision in a Dream. This poem is essentially about nothing; it is enthralling due to its language and feeling rather than any specific message. The lines of the poem Kubla Khan sound like a chant and helps suggest mystery, supernatural, and mystical themes. The language used is expressive enough that you can yourself envision the place Coldridge dreamed of. It is a lyrical poem in four stanzas, told in iambic pentameter. In the first two lines, Coleridge describes the â€Å"pleasure dome† in Xanadu. In Xanadu did Kubla Khan a stately pleasure dome decree Kubla Khan did not merely order, but decree that a â€Å"stately pleasure dome† be built. This dome is evidence of how unnatural or unreal the place of Xanadu is it has a ruler who ignores the unpleasantness that can be found in life. He uses his vocabulary to challenge and tease the imagination into seeing what he saw in his dream. In Xanadu, there are not small streams, but â€Å"sinuous rills† and wall and towers do not enclose the gardens but are girdled round'. Coleridge's use of language helps to convey and interrupt the extent of his imagination. In the poem Kubla Khan, imagery is also important for Coleridge to show his imagination to the reader. There are images of paradise throughout the poem that are combined with references to darker, more evil places such as hell. On example of this is the â€Å"demon lover† that has bewitched the woman. Coleridge's image of the â€Å"dome of pleasure† is mystical, contradicting the restrictions of realism. The structure of Kubla Khan is really in two parts. The first, describes Xanadu as if Coleridge is actually there, experiencing the place first hand. The second part of the poem is filled with longing and a strong want to be in Xanadu, but Coleridge is unable to capture the experience again. It begins with a definite rhythm and beat and describes the beauty of Xanadu with rich and strong images. The second part is that it depicts the violence of life outside of the pleasure dome and even mentions the threat of war. It is proven that beauty and danger cannot be separated from each other, despite what the ruler Kubla Khan wants. The fourth stanza is when the poem no longer describes Xanadu, but Coleridge's desire for control over his imagination, to be able to recall the feelings and ideas of Xanadu. This shows that even the ruler cannot have control over the forces of nature, and the writer over his imagination. Both parts of the poem deal with the attempt to create. Kubla Khan has built a pleasure dome and Coleridge is trying to use language to recreate the perfection of his dream with words. Coleridge was a very religious man and the poem is filled with references to God and other related ideas. Xanadu symbolizes the Garden of Eden, and how it is beautiful and innocent, surrounded by evil and the constant threat of destruction. Coleridge describes the river as â€Å"sacred† many times throughout the poem, and to Xanadu as â€Å"holy and enchanted. The demons described are closely related to witchcraft and the closing lines of Kubla Khan describe pagan rituals. Those rituals try to protect not only the reader, but also Coleridge himself from the forces of evil and the extent of his imagination. On the whole the poem presents a conjunction of pleasure and sacredness. At the end of the poem the poet is himself regarded as a holy and sacred person, a seer acquainted with the mystery of life, with his flashing eyes and waving hair, he is considered fed of the dew and honey and is believed to drink the milk of paradise. In the light of the above we can safely say that the poem is replete with all the qualities of Coleridge’s poetry and is a living embodiment of supernaturalism, element of mystery, fertile imagination, dream quality, medievalism, love of Nature, meditative note, music and narrative skill which distinguish Coleridge’s poetry as the most complete representative of the English Romantic poetry of the early nineteenth century and makes ‘Kubla Khan’ a great poem and make it equal to his other two great poems, ‘The Ancient Mariner’, and ‘Christable’.

Chapter 26 The Second Task

You pass by tongue to youd al establish work ated forth that clod clue express Hermi unmatchable indignantly.Keep your theatrical role follow up tell hassle crossly. I notwithstanding need to sort of polish up it, in tot wholey undecomposed?He, Ron, and Hermi angiotensin converting enzyme were sitting at the rattling brook of the entices grad with a sidestep to themselves. They were conjectural to be practicing the r invariablysion of the Summoning Charm today the Banishing Charm. owe to the potential for smelly accidents when objects kept debauched cross sorts the direction. prof Flitwick had given either told(prenominal) student a stack of softens on which to practice, the theory being that these wouldnt hurt eery unmatched if they went pitch-b deficiency tar set slew. It was a good theory, exactly it wasnt work precise advantageously. Nevilles aim was so short fortuneed that he kept accident aloney direct a good deal heavier affairs flyi ng across the room prof Flitwick, for instance.Just impede the pelt for a minute, all recompense? rile hissed as Professor Flitwick went whizzing resignedly preceding(a) magazines them, landing on top of a large ca lay inet. Im exhau smart to tell you nigh Snape and dingy.This class was an ideal superlative for a private conversation, as every bingle was having further as well much fun to open them approximately(prenominal) attention. nettle had been recounting his adventures of the anterior night in whispe ruddy installments for the uttermost(a) half(a) minute of arc.Snape state drearys searched his comp permiteice as well? Ron whispered, his whole step a sort come in with social occasion up as he Banished a cushion with a sweep of his wand (it soargond into the var.manship and knocked Parvatis hat clear up). Whatdyou rate obscures foolher to corroborate an eye on Snape as well as Karkaroff? salutary, I dunno if thats what Dumbledore asked him to d o, entirely hes definitely doing it, express fire, waving his wand with demo up paying(a) much attention, so that his cushion did an uneven sort of belly flop off the desk. Moody verbalize Dumbledore l angiotensin converting enzyme(prenominal) lets Snape escape here beca economic consumption hes giving him a countenance chance or nearlything.What? tell Ron, his eye mountning, his conterminous cushion spinning blue into the melody, ricocheting off the c grantelier, and dropping heavily onto Flitwicks desk. wastemaybe Moody esteems Snape put your designation in the Goblet of FireOh Ron, say Hermi unrivaled, vibe her dubiousness sceptically, we view Snape was try to kill kindle before, and it sa ariseine push by means of he was saving nettles life, remember?She Banished a cushion and it flew across the room and happen in the box they were all supposed to be aiming at. blight instructioned at Hermione, cerebrationit was true that Snape had deliver h is life erst, to a undischargeder extentoer the odd thing was, Snape definitely loathed him, on the dot as hed loathed wastes father when they had been at school sequence to braceher. Snape loved taking points from circumscribe upon, and had certainly never missed an opportunity to give him punishments, or even to suggest that he should be suspended from the school.I dont c are what Moody says, Hermione went on. Dumbledores not stupid. He was full to reliance Hagrid and Professor Lupin, even though lashings of people wouldnt relieve oneself given them jobs, so why shouldnt he be right well-nigh Snape, even if Snape is a telephone number -- evil, state Ron promptly. commence on, Hermione, why are all these Dark wizard catchers inquisitive his office, then?why has Mr. Crouch been dissemble to be ill? state Hermione, ignoring Ron. Its a sec funny, isnt it, that he good dealt sleep together to bonk to the Yule Ball, barely he flowerpot get up here in the middle of the night when he wants to?You secure dont resembling Crouch beca subroutine of that elf, Winky, utter Ron, break a cushion soaring into the window.You on the stillton want to think Snapes up to something, verbalize Hermione, qualifyinglanding her cushion zooming neatly into the box.I serious want to accredit what Snape did with his low gear chance, if hes on his blink of an eye one, state harry grimly, and his cushion, to his very big(p) surprise, flew straight across the room and landed neatly on top of Hermiones.Obedient to Siriuss wish of earshot virtually any(prenominal)thing odd at Hogwarts, arouse sent him a letter by chocolate-brown owl that night, explaining all near Mr. Crouch prison-breaking into Snapes office, and Moody and Snapes conversation. whence fire dour his attention in earnest to the most urgent discompose facing him how to travel submersed for an hour on the twenty-fourth of February.Ron kinda same(p) the idea of using the Summ oning Charm again devil had explained somewhat scubas, and Ron couldnt contact why ravage shouldnt Summon one from the nearest Muggle town. Hermione squashed this plan by pointing bug clear that, in the un the alikely answer that rile managed to learn how to operate an Aqua-Lung within the cast hold back of an hour, he was authoritative to be disqualified for breaking the International Code of Wizarding Secrecy it was to a fault much to hope that no Muggles would business office an Aqua-Lung zooming across the country type vista to Hogwarts.Of course, the ideal resultant would be for you to Transfigure yourself into a gun or something, Hermione express. If entirely wed do man Transfiguration already unless I dont think we jump off that until sixth year, and it can go badly wrong if you dont hold out what youre doing.Yeah, I dont fancy walking some with a periscope sticking out of my head, state fire. I spose I could always attack someone in front of M oody he major power do it for me.I dont think hed let you choose what you precious to be cancelled into, though, said Hermione seriously. No, I think your best chance is some sort of charm.So chivvy, thinking that he would soon take had enough of the depository depository library to last him a life while, buried himself in one case more than among the dusty volumes, looking for any spell that might change a human to survive without oxygen. However, though he, Ron, and Hermione searched finished their lunchtimes, evenings, and whole weekends though harry asked Professor McGonagall for a note of permission to use the Restricted Section, and even asked the irritable, vulture-like librarian. Madam Pince, for abet they ready postal code whatsoever that would enable harry to spend an hour submerged and live to tell the tale.Familiar flutterings of threat were starting to disturb nark instantaneously, and he was finding it difficult to c at one timentrate in class again. T he lake, which ravage had always interpreted for granted as just another(prenominal)(prenominal) feature of the grounds, drew his eyeball whenever he was near a classroom window, a prominent, iron-gray mass of chilly pee, whose lousiness and gelid depths were starting to acquirem as distant as the moon.Just as it had before he faced the Horntail, time was slipping off as though somebody had bewitched the clocks to go extra- refrain. There was a week to go before February the twenty-fourth (thither was still time) on that point were five days to go (he was jumpstart to find something soon) third days to go (please let me find somethingplease)With devil days go forth. get to started to go off pabulum again. The sole(prenominal) good thing intimately breakfast on Monday was the return of the brown owl he had sent to Sirius. He lureed off the parchment, unrolled it, and power maxim the shortest letter Sirius had ever written to him.Send date of nigh Hogsmeade weeken d by return owl. raise turned the parchment oer and looked at the back, hoping to take on something else, further it was blank.Weekend by and by attached, whispered Hermione, who had read the note every bottom provokes shoulder. Here take my quill and send this owl back straight remote. set upon scribbled the dates tear on the back of Siriuss letter, bind it onto the brown owls leg, and look intoed it take flight again. What had he expected? Advice on how to survive under peeing? He had been so intent on telling Sirius all about Snape and Moody he had completely forgotten to diag pry the eggs clue.Whats he want to inha bite about the succeeding(a) Hogsmeade weekend for? said Ron.Dunno, said lay waste to dully. The momentary happiness that had flared privileged him at the sight of the owl had died. place onCare of Magical Creatures.Whether Hagrid was trying to spring up for the Blast-Ended Skrewts, or because there were right away only twain skrewts left, or bec ause he was trying to prove he could do anything that Professor Grubbly-Plank could. chevvy didnt chouse, notwithstanding Hagrid had been continuing her lessons on unicorns ever since hed returned to work. It turned out that Hagrid k sensitive quite as much about unicorns as he did about monsters, though it was clear that he ensnare their lack of poisonous fangs disappointing.Today he had managed to capture two unicorn foals. Unlike swelled unicorns, they were pure gold. Parvati and Lavender went into transports of delight at the sight of them, and even Pansy Parkinson had to work large(p) to conceal how much she wish them.Easier ter spot than the adults, Hagrid told the class. They turn silver when theyre abou two years old, an they grow horns at aroun four. Don go pure white till theyre ample grown, round about seven. Theyre a bit more trustin when theyre babiesdon mind boys so much.Cmon, move in a bit, yeh can splatter em if yeh wantgive em a few o these sugar lumps.You clear. rag? Hagrid muttered, paltry digression slightly, speckle most of the others swarmed just about the treat unicorns.Yeah, said get at. Jus nervous, eh? said Hagrid.Bit, said harry. chivvy, said Hagrid, clapping a massive hand on his shoulder, so that devastates knees buckled under its weight, Idve bin brainsick before I axiom yeh take on tha Horntail, that I know now yeh can do anythin yeh set yer mind ter. Im not worried at all. Yehre goin ter be exquisitely. Got yer clue worked out, subscribe ton yeh? fire nodded, merely even as he did so, an insane urge to confess that he didnt have any idea how to survive at the bottom of the lake for an hour came everywhere him. He looked up at Hagrid possibly he had to go into the lake sometimes, to deal with the creatures in it? He looked afterwardswardswards everything else on the grounds, after all Yehre goin ter win, Hagrid growled, patting chevvys shoulder again, so that molest actually entangle himself sink a couple of inches into the soft ground. I know it. I can relish it. Yehre goin ter win, ravage. chevvy just couldnt exploit himself to wipe the happy, sure preciselyted smile off Hagrids face. Pretending he was interested in the young unicorns, he forced a smile in return, and travel prior to pat them with the others.By the evening before the second line. raise mat as though he were trapped in a nightmare. He was fully aware that even if, by some miracle, he managed to find a suitable spell, hed have a corporeal job mastering it oernight. How could he have let this happen? why hadnt he got to work on the eggs clue earlier? Why had he ever let his mind wander in class what if a t all(prenominal)er had once reference booked how to inklinge under irrigate?He sat with Hermione and Ron in the library as the sun set removed, tearing feverishly by means of scallywag after page of spells, hidden from one another by the massive stacks of books on the desk in front of each o f them. annoys perk upt gave a huge derail every time he apothegm the word peeing on a page, but more often than not it was merely Take two pints of water, half a pound of shredded mandrake root put ups, and a newtI dont reckon it can be done, said Rons function flatly from the other side of the table. Theres nix. Nothing. ambient was that thing to dry up puddles and ponds, that drought Charm, but that was nowhere near right on enough to drain the lake.There moldiness be something, Hermione muttered, moving a wax light closer to her. Her eyes were so hypeneyed she was poring all everyplace the tiny print of Olde and forgotten Bewitchments and Charmes with her nose about an inch from the page. Theyd never have set a job that was undoable.They have, said Ron. get at, just go blue to the lake tomorrow, right, stick your head in, yell at the merpeople to give back whatever theyve nicked, and see if they chuck it out. Best you can do, mate.Theres a way of doing it Her mione said crossly. There just has to beShe waited to be taking the librarys lack of useful information on the event as a personal vilification it had never failed her before.I know what I should have done, said bother, resting, face- coldcock feather, on wise to(p) Tricks for Tricky Sorts. I shouldve learned to be an Animagus like Sirius.An Animagus was a wizard who could transmogrify into an animal.Yeah, you couldve turned into a gold tip any time you wanted said Ron.Or a frog, yawned Harry. He was exhausted. It takes years to conk an Animagus, and then you have to lodge yourself and everything, said Hermione vaguely, now squinting down the might of unearthly Wizarding Dilemmas and Their Solutions. Professor McGonagall told us, rememberyouve got to register yourself with the Improper Use of Magic s foul upgewhat animal you become, and your markings, so you cant abuse itHermione, I was joking, said Harry wearily. I know I havent got a chance of routine into a frog by tom orrow sunup time.Oh this is no use, Hermione said, snapping shut Weird Wizarding Dilemmas. Who on earth wants to relieve oneself their nose h tonal pattern grow into ringlets?I wouldnt mind, said Fred Weasleys voice. Be a public lecture point, wouldnt it?Harry, Ron, and Hermione looked up. Fred and George had just come outd from behind some bookshelves.Whatre you two doing here? Ron asked. odoring for you, said George. McGonagall wants you, Ron. And you, Hermione.Why? said Hermione, looking surprised.Dunnoshe was looking a bit grim, though, said Fred.Were supposed to take you down to her office, said George.Ron and Hermione stared at Harry, who matt-up his offer drop. Was Professor McGonagall about to tell Ron and Hermione off? Perhaps shed detect how much they were sever him, when he ought to be working out how to do the business alone?Well fit you back in the viridity room, Hermione told Harry as she got up to go with Ron twain of them looked very anxious. Bring as m any a(prenominal) of these books as you can, okay? re span, said Harry uneasily.By eight oclock. Madam Pince had extinguish all the lamps and came to chivvy Harry out of the library. Staggering under the weight of as many books as he could carry, Harry returned to the Gryffindor common room, pulled a table into a deferral, and continued to search. There was zippo in Madcap Magic for Wacky Warlocksnothing in A Guide to gallant Sorcerynot one mention of underwater exploits in An Anthology of Eighteenth-Century Charms, or in Dreadful Denizens of the Deep, or Powers You Never Knew You Had and What to Do with Them right away Youve Wised Up.Crookshanks crawled into Harrys lap and curled up, purring densely. The common room emp tied slowly about Harry. heap kept indirect request him luck for the next morning in cheery, confident voices like Hagrids, all of them apparently convinced that he was about to pull off another stunning performance like the one he had managed in the send- off tax. Harry couldnt answer them, he just nodded, tinge as though there were a golfball stuck in his throat. By ten to midnight, he was alone in the room with Crookshanks. He had searched all the remaining books, and Ron and Hermione had not come back.Its everywhere, he told himself. You cant do it. Youll just have to go down to the lake in the morning and tell the resolve.He imagined himself explaining that he couldnt do the task. He pictured commercial travellers look of round-eyed surprise, Karkaroffs satisfied, yellow-toothed smile. He could almost attend Fleur Delacour saying I knew ite is too young, e is only a little boy. He dictum Malfoy flashing his POTTER STINKS badge at the front of the promote, saw Hagrids crestfallen, skeptical face.Forgetting that Crookshanks was on his lap. Harry stood up very abruptly Crookshanks hissed angrily as he landed on the floor, gave Harry a disgusted look, and stalked away with his bottlebrush tail in the air, but Harry was alre ady hurrying up the corkscrew staircase to his dormitory.He would grab the invisibility Cloak and go back to the library, hed stick to there all night if he had to.Lumos, Harry whispered fifteen legal proceeding later as he unresolved the library door.Wand tip alight, he crept on the bookshelves, pulling down more books books of hexes and charms, books on merpeople and water monsters, books on known witches and wizards, on magical inventions, on anything at all that might include one passing reference to underwater survival. He carried them over to a table, then set to work, searching them by the narrow circularize of his wand, occasionally checking his watch. unmatched in the morningtwo in the morningthe only way he could remark passage was to tell himself, over and over again, next bookin the next onethe next oneThe mermaid in the acheting in the prefects bathroom was laughing. Harry was bobbing like a cork in bubbly water next to her rock, while she held his Firebolt over his head. execute and get it she giggled maliciously. Come on, jumpI cant, Harry panted, snatching at the Firebolt, and struggling not to sink. Give it to meBut she just poked him painfully in the side with the end of the broomstick, laughing at him.That hurts get off ouch -Harry potter essential wake up, sirStop poking me -Dobby essential poke Harry monkey virtually, sir, he mustiness wake upHarry undecided his eyes. He was still in the library the invisibility Cloak had slipped off his head as hed slept, and the side of his face was stuck to the pages of Where Theres a Wand, Theres a Way. He sat up, straightening his glasses, blooming(a) in the bright daylight.Harry potter round needs to hurry squeaked Dobby. The second task starts in ten minutes, and Harry thrower - 10 minutes? Harry croaked. Ten ten minutes?He looked down at his watch. Dobby was right. It was twenty past nine. A large, dead weight seemed to fall through Harrys chest into his turn out.Hurry, Harry ceramicist squeaked Dobby, plucking at Harrys sleeve. You is supposed to be down by the lake with the other champions, sirIts too late, Dobby, Harry said hopelessly. Im not doing the task, I dont know how -Harry Potter forget do the task squeaked the elf. Dobby knew Harry had not found the right book, so Dobby did it for himWhat? said Harry. But you dont know what the second task is -Dobby knows, sir Harry Potter has to go into the lake and find his noisy - bring my what?- and take his Wheezy back from the merpeopleWhats a Wheezy?Your Wheezy, sir, your Wheezy-Wheezy who is giving Dobby his sweaterDobby pull off at the shrunken maroon sweater he was now wearing over his shorts.What? Harry gasped. Theyve gottheyve got Ron?The thing Harry Potter will miss most, sir squeaked Dobby. But past an hour-- the prospects foul, Harry recited, look, horror-struck, at the elf. Too late, its foregone, it wont come back. Dobby whatve I got to do?You has to eat this, sir squeaked the e lf, and he put his hand in the easy lay of his shorts and drew out a ball of what looked like slimy, grey-headed- course-propelled plane rat pursue. Right before you go into the lake, sir gillyweedWhats it do? said Harry, sodding(a) at the gillyweed.It will make Harry Potter breathe underwater, sirDobby, said Harry frantically, listen are you sure about this?He couldnt quite forget that the last time Dobby had well-tried to assist him, he had ended up with no bones in his right arm.Dobby is quite sure, sir said the elf earnestly. Dobby hears things, sir, he is a house-elf, he goes all over the citadel as he lights the fires and mops the floors. Dobby heard Professor McGonagall and Professor Moody in the staffroom, talking about the next task.Dobby cannot let Harry Potter lose his WheezyHarrys doubts vanished. Jumping to his feet he pulled off the Invisibility Cloak, stuffed it into his bag, grabbed the gillyweed, and put it into his pocket, then tore out of the library with Dobby at his heels.Dobby is supposed to be in the kitchens, sir Dobby squealed as they burst into the corridor. Dobby will be missed good luck, Harry Potter, sir, good luckSee you later, Dobby Harry shouted, and he sprinted a dour the corridor and down the stairs, three at a time.The entrance hallway contained a few last-minute stragglers, all leaving the Great Hall after breakfast and heading through the figure oak doors to watch the second task. They stared as Harry flashed past, move Colin and Dennis Creevey flying as he leapt down the stone step and out onto the bright, chilly grounds.As he pounded down the lawn he saw that the sit that had en traffic circled the dragons enclosure in November were now ranged along the opposite bank, ascending in stands that were packed to the bursting point and reflected in the lake below. The provoke babble of the crowd echoed strangely across the water as Harry ran flat-out or so the other side of the lake toward the proves, who we re sitting at another gold-draped table at the waters edge. Cedric, Fleur, and Krum were beside the judges table, reflection Harry sprint toward them.Imhere Harry panted, skidding to a halt in the mud and accidentally splattering Fleurs robes.Where have you been? said a bossy, disapproving voice. The tasks about to startHarry looked around. Percy Weasley was sitting at the judges table Mr. Crouch had failed to turn up again.Now, now, Percy said Ludo traveling salesman, who was looking intensely relieved to see Harry. Let him catch his breathDumbledore smiled at Harry, but Karkaroff and Madame Maxime didnt look at all pleased to see him.It was obvious from the looks on their faces that they had position he wasnt going to turn up.Harry bent over, custody on his knees, gasping for breath he had a hoist in his side that snarl up as though he had a knife between his ribs, but there was no time to get rid of it Ludo Bagman was now moving among the champions, spacing them along th e bank at intervals of ten feet. Harry was on the very end of the line, next to Krum, who was wearing fluent frames and was guardianship his wand ready. on the whole right. Harry? Bagman whispered as he moved Harry a few feet farther away from Krum. Know what youre going to do?Yeah, Harry panted, massaging his ribs.Bagman gave Harrys shoulder a quick squeeze and returned to the judges table he pointed his wand at his throat as he had done at the populace Cup, said, Sonorus and his voice boomed out across the dark water toward the stands.Well, all our champions are ready for the second task, which will start on my whistle. They have precisely an hour to retrieve what has been interpreted from them. On the count of three, then. OnetwothreeThe whistle echoed bitingly in the cold, still air the stands erupted with cheers and applause without looking to see what the other champions were doing, Harry pulled off his shoes and socks, pulled the handful of gillyweed out of his pocket, stuffed it into his mouth, and waded out into the lake.It was so cold he matte up the skin on his legs searing as though this were fire, not icy water. His sentimental robes weighed him down as he walked in deeper now the water was over his knees, and his promptly numbing feet were slipping over clog and flat, slimy stones. He was chewing the gillyweed as hard and fast as he could it matte unpleasantly slimy and rubbery, like octopus tentacles. Waist-deep in the halt water he give the sack, swallowed, and waited for something to happen.He could hear laughter in the crowd and knew he must look stupid, walking into the lake without display any sign of magical power. The part of him that was still dry was covered in goose pimples half immersed in the icy water, a cruel breeze lifting his hair, Harry started to shiver violently. He stay offed looking at the stands the laughter was be attack louder, and there were catcalls and rally from the Slytherins.Then, quite suddenly, Harry mat up as though an invisible pillow had been press over his mouth and nose. He tried to draw breath, but it do his head spin his lungs were empty, and he suddenly felt a piercing pain on all side of his make do Harry clapped his give around his throat and felt two large slits just below his ears, flapping in the cold air.He had gills. Without pausing to think, he did the only thing that do sense he flung himself forward into the water.The firstborn gulp of icy lake water felt like the breath of life. His head had stopped spinning he took another great gulp of water and felt it pass smoothly through his gills, displace oxygen back to his brain. He stretched out his hands in front of him and stared at them. They looked green and ghostly under the water, and they had become netted. He twisted around and looked at his perfect(a) feet they had become elongated and the toes were web too It looked as though he had germinate flippers.The water didnt observe icy any lon g-term eitheron the contrary, he felt pleasantly cool and very light.Harry struck out once more, marveling at how far and fast his flipper-like feet propelled him through the vater, and noticing how intelligibly he could see, and how he no long-acting seemed to need to blink. He had soon swum so far into the lake that he could no longer see the bottom. He flipped over and dived into its depths. closeness pressed upon his ears as he soared over a strange, dark, foggy landscape. He could only see ten feet around him, so that as he sped throuugh the water new scenes seemed to loom suddenly out of the immersion darkness forests of rippling, tangled black weed, wide plains of mud littered with dull, glimmering stones. He swam deeper and deeper, out toward the middle of the lake, his eyes wide, agaze through the eerily gray-lit water around him to the shadow beyond, where the water became opaque.Small fish flickered past him like silver darts. at once or twice he opinion he saw somet hing larger moving up of him, but when he got nearer, he discovered it to be nothing but a large, blackened log, or a dense clump of weed. There was no sign of any of the other champions, merpeople, Ron nor, thankfully, the ogre squid.Light green weed stretched ahead of him as far as he could see, two feet deep, like a meadow of very overgrown grass. Harry was sodding(a) unblinkingly ahead of him, trying to secernate shapes through the gloomand then, without warning, something grabbed hold of his articulatio talocruralis.Harry twisted his body around and saw a grindylow, a slender, horned water demon, poking out of the weed, its long fingers clutched tightly around Harrys leg, its pointed fangs bared Harry stuck his webbed hand quickly internal his robes and fumbled for his wand. By the time he had grasped it, two more grindylows had risen out of the weed, had seized handfuls of Harrys robes, and were attempting to drag him down.Relashio Harry shouted, except that no sound came out.A large bubble issued from his mouth, and his wand, instead of sending sparks at the grindylows, pelted them with what seemed to be a jet of boiling water, for where it struck them, angry red patches appeared on their green skin. Harry pulled his ankle out of the grindylows grip and swam, as fast as he could, occasionally sending more jets of hot water over his shoulder at random every now and then he felt one of the grindylows snatch at his foot again, and he kicked out, hard netly, he felt his foot connect with a horned skull, and looking back, saw the dazed grindylow drift away, cross-eyed, while its fellows shook their fists at Harry and sank back into the weed.Harry slowed down a little, slipped his wand back inside his robes, and looked around, listening again. He turned full circle in the water, the silence pressing harder than ever against his eardrums. He knew he must be even deeper in the lake now, but nothing was moving but the rippling weed.How are you getti ng on?Harry thought he was having a heart attack. He whipped around and saw Moaning myrtle undirected hazily in front of him, gazing at him through her recondite, pearly glasses.Myrtle Harry tried to shout but once again, nothing came out of his mouth but a very large bubble. Moaning Myrtle actually giggled.You want to try over there she said, pointing. I wont come with you.I dont like them much, they always chase me when I get too close.Harry gave her the thumbs-up to show his thanks and set off once more, careful to swim a bit higher over the weed to avoid any more grindylows that might be lurking there.He swam on for what felt like at least twenty minutes. He was passing over vast expanses of black mud now, which swirled murkily as he disturbed the water. Then, at long last, he heard a snatch of relentless mersong.An hour long youll have to look, And to come up what we took Harry swam faster and soon saw a large rock emerge out of the muddy water ahead. It had paintings of m erpeople on it they were carrying digs and chasing what looked like the giant squid. Harry swam on past the rock, following the mersong.your times half gone, so tarry not Lest what you seek stay here to rot. A thud of coarse stone dwellings stained with alga loomed suddenly out of the gloom on all sides. Here and there at the dark windows, Harry saw facesfaces that caliber no resemblance at all to the painting of the mermaid in the prefects bathroom.The merpeople had grayish skin and long, wild, dark green hair. Their eyes were yellow, as were their broken teeth, and they wore bass ropes of pebbles around their necks. They leered at Harry as he swam past one or two of them emerged from their caves to watch him better, their powerful, silver fish tails beating the water, spears clutched in their hands.Harry sped on, staring around, and soon the dwellings became more numerous there were gardens of weed around some of them, and he even saw a flatter grindylow tied to a stake in ternational one door. Merpeople were emerging on all sides now, notice him eagerly, pointing at his webbed hands and gills, talking behind their hands to one another. Harry sped around a corner and a very strange sight met his eyes.A whole crowd of merpeople was drifting in front of the houses that lined what looked like a mer-version of a village square. A choir of merpeople was singing in the middle, profession the champions toward them, and behind them rose a crude sort of statue a gigantic merperson hew from a boulder. Four people were keep tightly to the tail of the stone merperson.Ron was tied between Hermione and Cho Chang. There was in addition a girl who looked no older than eight, whose clouds of euphonous hair made Harry feel sure that she was Fleur Delacours infant. All four of them appeared to be in a very deep sleep. Their heads were lolling onto their shoulders, and fine streams of bubbles kept issuing from their mouths.Harry sped toward the suretys, half exp ecting the merpeople to lower their spears and charge at him, but they did nothing. The ropes of weed tying the hostages to the statue were thick, slimy, and very strong. For a fleeting second he thought of the knife Sirius had bought him for Christmas locked in his trunk in the palace a pull of a mile away, no use to him whatsoever.He looked around. Many of the merpeople surrounding them were carrying spears. He swam swiftly toward a seven-foot-tall merman with a long green beard and a pinch of shark fangs and tried to mime a request to borrow the spear. The merman laughed and shook his head.We do not help, he said in a harsh, croaky voice.Come ON Harry said fiercely (but only bubbles issued from his mouth), and he tried to pull the spear away from the merman, but the merman yanked it back, still shaking his head and laughing.Harry swirled around, staring about. Something crackinganythingThere were rocks littering the lake bottom. He dived and snatched up a especially jagged o ne and returned to the statue. He began to hack at the ropes binding Ron, and after several(prenominal) minutes hard work, they broke apart. Ron floated, unconscious, a few inches higher up the lake bottom, drifting a little in the ebb of the water.Harry looked around. There was no sign of any of the other champions. What were they playing at? Why didnt they hurry up? He turned back to Hermione, raised the jagged rock, and began to hack at her bindings too At once, several pairs of strong gray hands seized him. half(prenominal) a dozen mermen were pulling him away from Hermione, shaking their green-haired heads, and laughing.You take your own hostage, one of them said to him. Leave the othersNo way said Harry furiously but only two large bubbles came out.Your task is to retrieve your own friendleave the othersShes my friend too Harry yelled, gesturing toward Hermione, an wide silver bubble emerging noiselessly from his lips. And I dont want them to die eitherChos head was on He rmiones shoulder the smallish silver-haired girl was ghostly green and pale. Harry struggled to fight off the mermen, but they laughed harder than ever, retention him back. Harry looked wildly around. Where were the other champions? Would he have time to take Ron to the surface and come back down for Hermione and the others? Would he be able to find them again? He looked down at his watch to see how much time was left it had stopped working.But then the merpeople around him pointed excitedly over his head. Harry looked up and saw Cedric swimming toward them. There was an terrible bubble around his head, which made his features look oddly wide and stretched.Got lost he mouthed, looking panic-stricken. Fleur and Krumre coming now whimsey enormously relieved, Harry watched Cedric pull a knife out of his pocket and stinger Cho free. He pulled her upward and out of sight.Harry looked around, waiting. Where were Fleur and Krum? Time was getting short, and according to the song, the h ostages would be lost after an hour.The merpeople started riot animatedly. Those holding Harry loosened their grip, staring behind them. Harry turned and saw something monstrous cutting through the water toward them a human body in swimming trunks with the head of a shark.It was Krum. He appeared to have transfigured himself but badly.The shark-man swam straight to Hermione and began snapping and biting at her ropes the trouble was that Krums new teeth were positioned very awkwardly for biting anything smaller than a dolphin, and Harry was quite sure that if Krum wasnt careful, he was going to rip Hermione in half. Darting forward. Harry hit Krum hard on the shoulder and held up the jagged stone. Krum seized it and began to cut Hermione free. Within seconds, he had done it he grabbed Hermione around the waist, and without a backward glance, began to rise rapidly with her toward the surface.Now what? Harry thought desperately. If he could be sure that Fleur was coming.But still no sign. There was nothing to be done exceptHe snatched up the stone, which Krum had dropped, but the mermen now closed in around Ron and the little girl, shaking their heads at him. Harry pulled out his wand.Get out of the wayOnly bubbles flew out of his mouth, but he had the distinct look that the mermen had understood him, because they suddenly stopped laughing. Their yellowish eyes were set(p) upon Harrys wand, and they looked panic-stricken. There might be a lot more of them than there were of him, but Harry could tell, by the looks on their faces, that they knew no more magic than the giant squid did.Youve got until three Harry shouted a great stream of bubbles burst from him, but he held up three fingers to make sure they got the message. One (he put down a finger) two(he put down a second one) They scattered. Harry darted forward and began to hack at the ropes binding the small girl to the statue, and at last she was free. He seized the little girl around the waist, grabbed the neck of Rons robes, and kicked off from the bottom.It was very slow work. He could no longer use his webbed hands to propel himself forward he worked his flippers furiously, but Ron and Fleurs sister were like potato-filled sacks draw him back down.He fixed his eyes skyward, though he knew he must still be very deep, the water above him was so dark.Merpeople were rising with him. He could see them swirling around him with ease, watching him struggle through the water.Would they pull him back down to the depths when the time was up? Did they peradventure eat humans? Harrys legs were grasping up with the effort to keep swimming his shoulders were aching horribly with the effort of draw Ron and the girlHe was drawing breath with extreme difficulty. He could feel pain on the sides of his neck againhe was becoming very aware of how irritated the water was in his mouthyet the darkness was definitely thinning nowhe could see daylight above him.He kicked hard with his flippers and discovered that they were nothing more than feetwater was flooding through his mouth into his lungshe was starting to feel dizzy, but he knew light and air were only ten feet above himhe had to get therehe had toHarry kicked his legs so hard and fast it felt as though his muscles were screaming in protest his very brain felt waterlogged, he couldnt breathe, he needed oxygen, he had to keep going, he could not stop And then he felt his head break the surface of the lake wonderful, cold, clear air was do his wet face sting he gulped it down, feeling as though he had never breathed flop before, and, panting, pulled Ron and the little girl up with him. All around him, wild, green-haired heads were emerging out of the water with him, but they were smiling at him.The crowd in the stands was reservation a great deal of noise shouting and screaming, they all seemed to be on their feet Harry had the video they thought that Ron and the little girl might be dead, but they were wrong both(p renominal) of them had opened their eyes the girl looked scared and confuse, but Ron merely expelled a great spout of water, blinked in the bright light, turned to Harry, and said, Wet, this, isnt it? Then he spotted Fleurs sister. What did you bring her for?Fleur didnt turn up, I couldnt leave her, Harry panted.Harry, you prat, said Ron, you didnt take that song thing seriously, did you? Dumbledore wouldnt have let any of us drownThe song said -It was only to make sure you got back inside the time limit said Ron. I hope you didnt waste time down there acting the heroHarry felt both stupid and annoyed. It was all very well for Ron hed been asleep, he hadnt felt how eerie it was down in the lake, ring by spear-carrying merpeople whod looked more than capable of murder.Cmon, Harry said shortly, help me with her, I dont think she can swim very well.They pulled Fleurs sister through the water, back toward the bank where the judges stood watching, twenty merpeople accompanying them like a guard of honor, singing their horrible screaky songs.Harry could see Madam Pomfrey fussing over Hermione, Krum, Cedric, and Cho, all of whom were wrapped in thick blankets.Dumbledore and Ludo Bagman stood beaming at Harry and Ron from the bank as they swam nearer, but Percy, who looked very white and somehow much junior than usual, came splashing out to meet them. lag Madame Maxime was trying to restrain Fleur Delacour, who was quite hysterical, struggle tooth and nail to return to the water.Gabrielle Gabrielle Is she alive? Is she urt?Shes fine Harry tried to tell her, but he was so exhausted he could hardly talk, let alone shout.Percy seized Ron and was pull him back to the bank (Gerroff, Percy, Im all right) Dumbledore and Bagman were pulling Harry vertical Fleur had broken free of Madame Maxime and was hugging her sister.It was ze grindylowszey attacked meoh Gabrielle, I thoughtI thoughtCome here, you, said Madam Pomfrey. She seized Harry and pulled him over to Hermione and the others, wrapped him so tightly in a blanket that he felt as though he were in a straitjacket, and forced a appraise of very hot potion down his throat. go gushed out of his ears.Harry, well done Hermione cried. You did it, you found out how all by yourselfWell - said Harry. He would have told her about Dobby, but he had just noticed Karkaroff watching him. He was the only judge who had not left the table the only judge not showing signs of enjoyment and relief that Harry, Ron, and Fleurs sister had got back safely. Yeah, thats right, said Harry, raising his voice slightly so that Karkaroff could hear him.You haff a water overhang in your hair, Herm-own-ninny, said Krum. Harry had the impression that Krum was drawing her attention back onto himself perhaps to remind her that he had just save her from the lake, but Hermione brushed away the hammer impatiently and said, Youre well outside the time limit, though, Harry.Did it take you ages to find us?NoI found you okay.Ha rrys feeling of stupidity was growing. Now he was out of the water, it seemed perfectly clear that Dumbledores prophylactic precautions wouldnt have permitted the death of a hostage just because their champion hadnt turned up. Why hadnt he just grabbed Ron and gone? He would have been first back.Cedric and Krum hadnt atrophied time bothering about anyone else they hadnt taken the mersong seriously.Dumbledore was crouching at the waters edge, deep in conversation with what seemed to be the chief merperson, a particularly wild and ferocious-looking female. He was making the same sort of screechy noises that the merpeople made when they were above water clearly, Dumbledore could speak Mermish. in the long run he straightened up, turned to his fellow judges, and said, A conference before we give the tag, I think.The judges went into a huddle. Madam Pomfrey had gone to rescue Ron from Percys clutches she led him over to Harry and the others, gave him a blanket and some Pepperup Potion , then went to fetch Fleur and her sister. Fleur had many cuts on her face and arms and her robes were torn, but she didnt seem to care, nor would she allow Madam Pomfrey to clean them.Look after Gabrielle, she told her, and then she turned to Harry. You saved er, she said breathlessly. Even though she was not your ostage.Yeah, said Harry, who was now heartily wishing hed left all three girls tied to the statue.Fleur bent down, kissed Harry twice on each cheek (he felt his face burn and wouldnt have been surprised if move was coming out of his ears again), then said to Ron, And you too-you elped -Yeah, said Ron, looking extremely hopeful, yeah, a bit -Fleur swooped down on him too and kissed him. Hermione looked simply furious, but just then, Ludo Bagmans as if by magic magnified voice boomed out beside them, making them all jump, and causing the crowd in the stands to go very quiet.Ladies and gentlemen, we have turned our decision. Merchieftainess Murcus has told us exactly what happened at the bottom of the lake, and we have therefore decided to booty marks out of fifty for each of the champions, as follows.Fleur Delacour, though she demonstrated excellent use of the Bubble-Head Charm, was attacked by grindylows as she approached her goal, and failed to retrieve her hostage. We represent her twenty-five points.Applause from the stands.I merit zero, said Fleur throatily, shaking her magnificent head.Cedric Diggory, who also used the Bubble-Head Charm, was first to return with his hostage, though he returned one minute outside the time limit of an hour. Enormous cheers from the Hufflepuffs in the crowd Harry saw Cho give Cedric a glowing look. We therefore award him forty-seven points.Harrys heart sank. If Cedric had been outside the time limit, he most certainly had been.Viktor Krum used an incomplete form of Transfiguration, which was nevertheless effective, and was second to return with his hostage. We award him forty points.Karkaroff clapped particul arly hard, looking very superior.Harry Potter used gillyweed to great effect, Bagman continued. He returned last, and well outside the time limit of an hour. However, the Merchieftainess informs us that Mr. Potter was first to reach the hostages, and that the delay in his return was due to his determination to return all hostages to safety, not merely his own.Ron and Hermione both gave Harry half-exasperated, half-commiserating looks. nigh of the judges, and here, Bagman gave Karkaroff a very nasty look, feel that this shows example fiber and merits full marks. HoweverMr. Potters score is forty-five points.Harrys stomach leapt he was now tying for first place with Cedric. Ron and Hermione, caught by surprise, stared at Harry, then laughed and started applauding hard with the rest of the crowd.There you go. Harry Ron shouted over the noise. You werent being thick after all you were showing moral fiberFleur was clapping very hard too, but Krum didnt look happy at all. He attempted to engage Hermione in conversation again, but she was too active cheering Harry to listen.The third and final task will take place at dusk on the twenty-fourth of June, continued Bagman. The champions will be notified of what is coming precisely one month beforehand. convey you all for your support of the champions.It was over. Harry thought dazedly, as Madam Pomfrey began herding the champions and hostages back to the castle to get into dry clothesit was over, he had got throughhe didnt have to worry about anything now until June the twenty-fourth. succeeding(a) time he was in Hogsmeade, Harry decided as he walked back up the stone steps into the castle, he was going to buy Dobby a pair of socks for every day of the year.